![]() ![]() Until the 1960s, populations of westslope cutthroat trout and Yellowstone cutthroat trout were lumped into one subspecies Salmo clarkii lewisii. This type specimen was most likely the coastal cutthroat trout subspecies O. clarkii was described by naturalist John Richardson from a tributary of the lower Columbia River, identified as the "Katpootl", which was perhaps the Lewis River, as there was a Multnomah village of similar name at the confluence. As one of Lewis and Clark's many missions was to describe the flora and fauna encountered during their expedition, cutthroat trout were given the name Salmo clarkii in honor of William Clark. The species was first described in the journals of explorer William Clark from specimens obtained during the Lewis and Clark Expedition from the Missouri River near Great Falls, Montana, and these were most likely the westslope cutthroat trout ( O. These were most likely Rio Grande cutthroat trout ( O. Cutthroat trout were the first New World trout encountered by Europeans when in 1541, Spanish explorer Francisco de Coronado recorded seeing trout in the Pecos River near Santa Fe, New Mexico. The scientific name of the cutthroat trout is Oncorhynchus clarkii. Phylogenetic map of Oncorhynchus clarkii The cutthroat trout type species and several subspecies are the official state fish of seven western U.S. Cutthroat trout are raised in hatcheries to restore populations in their native range, as well as stock non-native lake environments to support angling. Several subspecies of cutthroat trout are currently listed as threatened in their native ranges due to habitat loss and the introduction of non-native species. Some populations of the coastal cutthroat trout ( O. Cutthroat trout spawn in the spring and may inadvertently but naturally hybridize with rainbow trout, producing fertile cutbows. They are native to the alluvial or freestone streams that are typical tributaries of the rivers of the Pacific Basin, Great Basin and Rocky Mountains. They reproduce in clear, cold, moderately deep lakes. The specific name clarkii was given to honor explorer William Clark, coleader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.Ĭutthroat trout usually inhabit and spawn in small to moderately large, clear, well- oxygenated, shallow rivers with gravel bottoms. ![]() The common name "cutthroat" refers to the distinctive red coloration on the underside of the lower jaw. Cutthroat trout are popular gamefish, especially among anglers who enjoy fly fishing. As a member of the genus Oncorhynchus, it is one of the Pacific trout, a group that includes the widely distributed rainbow trout. ![]() The cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarkii) is a fish species of the family Salmonidae native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean, Rocky Mountains, and Great Basin in North America.
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